Improvement in cultivators



UNITED STATES ATENT Trice.

SIDNEY A. SABIN, OF PEOATONICA, ILLINOIS.

IONIPROVEMENT IN CULTIVATORS.

To all whom t may concern.:

Be it known that I, SIDNEY A. SABIN, of Pecatonica, in the county ofVinnebago and Sta-te of Illinois, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in Cultivators; and I do hereby declare that the followingis a full and exact description of the same, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

This invention relates to an improved cultivator, and it consists,iirst, in the method of attaching the liftingchains to the shovelbeams,and, second, in the arrangement of the shields for protecting theplants.

It further consists, also, in the speciic construction and arrangementofthe various parts of the machine by means of which a simple andefficient cultivator is produced.

In the draw-ings, Figure l represents a plan view of my invention; Fig.2, a sectional elevation; and Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 represent viewsof parts detached.

rrTo enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, Iwill now proceed to fully describe its construction and operation.

A represents the axle of my machine, which is supported in the ordinarymanner by the wheels a a.

B B represent beams resting upon the axle, which, extending` front andrear, as shown, unite in front with the pole O, and are joined in rearby the cross-timber D. These beams thus arranged and united form theframe-Work of the machine, upon which and from which the other partsdepend.

Upon the timber D is placed the seat E, the base of which consists of atool-box having a hinged cover. The drat-bar or evener F is attached tothe rear end of the pole, upon its under side, as shown in the drawings.

The lifting devices are as follows: H represents a semicircularrack-bar, which is arranged in the usual manner. h represents a shaftturning in suitable bearings, which is provided near each end with thedisk h', having the radial arms h2 and grooved section h3. At the upperend of each of these sections is the hook ht, over which the upper linkof the lifting-chain is caught. One of these disks is also provided witharms h5, between which is screwed the lever I. Upon this lever 'isplaced the spring-catch, consisting of the pivoted bolt i,connecting-rod i, and handle 2. This arrangement of parts permits thelifting-chains J to be easily attached and detached when desired.

The lower ends of the lifting-chains are attached to the shovel-beams ina peculiar manner. They are provided at their lower ends with aroller-clevis, j, by means of which connection is made with the irons Kupon the beams L, Figs. 3 and 4.. The beams L are connected at theirfront ends by means of the U shaped iron l, and near their centers bythe bow-shaped bar M. The bearing-points of this bar are provided withholes in order that it may be adjusted to bring the shovel-beams nearertogether or farther apart, as may be desired.

N N represent the shovel-standards, which are bolted to the beams L by asingle bolt.

O O represent braces, the rear ends of which pass through the standardsN, as shown, and are retained in place by a wooden pin..

P l?, Fig. 8, represent shields for protecting the plants.' Theseshields are attached to arms p p, the upper ends of which are pivoted tothe bars p 19', attached to the inner sides of the beams L. These barsextending rst at right angles to the beams L are then bent downward atp2, and again at p3 in toward the beam. The proj eeting ends formed atp3 serve as stops to limit the downward motion of the shields.

RR represent stirrups upon which rest the feet of the driver, and bymeans of which the beams are moved to either side at will.

S S represent the shovels,which are not attached directly to thestandard, but are sepay rated from it by means of a block. Thisconstruction issimilar to that shown in the patent of Stover, 1868,excepting that the staple is attached to the shovel in the direction ofits length instead of its width. (See Fig. 7 It has been found inpractice that when the staples are attached in line across the shovels,that the latter are extremely liable to fracture in hardening, and it isto remedy this evil that the change is made. e From the foregoingdescription the operation of my cultivator will be easily understood.

The shovels are raised and lowered by means of the lifting devicesdescribed. The beams are swung to either side at will, the attachmentbetween the chains and beams being such that the shovels remain inprecisely the same hori zontal line in all lateral movements. This reisult,which is an important one, as it is essential that the ground shallbe cultivated uni- -formly in depth, is obtained by the employment ofthe irons K, in connection with the roller-olevis j. If thelifting-chains be rigidly attached to the shovel-beams, it necessarilyfollows that any movement which causes them to deviate from theperpendicular must force the shovels to describe the arc of a circle,and consequently to stir the ground less deeply. By my peculiar methodof attachment this difficulty is entirely obviated. If desired, thefrictionroller may be dispensed with, and a ring may be used instead ofthe clevis. The shovels may be adjusted in regard to their distance fromeach other, as may be desired, by means of the bar M. Theshovel-standards are so held by the braces that when a seriousobstruction is met with the pin gives away, and no serious damageresults to the machine. The shields for protecting the plants adaptthemselves to the inequalities of the ground, being forced upward by theelevations, and falling bytheir own weight into the depressions. Theirdownward movement is limited at a certain point by the projecting endp3.

The construction of the frame is very simple,

and by its peculiar arrangement the operator is enabled to see theplants and to perform all the necessary operations incidental to thework without leaving his seat.

Having fully thus described my invention, what I claim as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The sliding attachment described, by means of which thelifting-chains and the shovel-beams are united, consisting, essentially,of the clevises j and irons K, ortheir equivalents, as and for thepurpose described.

2. Theshield P, having the arms p p, in combination with the bar p, asand for the purpose described.

3. Themachine described, consisting, essentially, of the frame B B C D,lifting devices h 7L h2 h3 I, clevis j, irons K, beams L, bar M,standards N, and shields l?, the whole being combined and arranged asdescribed.

This specification signed and witnessed this 17th day of July, 1869.

SIDNEY A. SABIN.

Witnesses:

G. W. FORD, E. A. NIoHoLs.

